Q: Define species. Explain various aspects of species.
A: The word species (L. Kind or appearance) was first used by John
Ray. It is the basic unit of classification. A species is an
interbreeding group of similar organisms sharing the common gene pool
and producing fertile offspring. Species is a group of individuals
that are
a. Reproductively isolated from the organisms of other species.
b. Sharing the common ecological niche.
c. Showing similarity in Karyotype.
d. Having structural and functional similarities.
Eg: Apis indica, A.dorsata, A.florea, A.mellifera
Here indica, dorsata, florea and mellifera are different species that
belong to the genus Apis. Sometimes closely related species of same
genus may interbred, but, they produce sterile offspring. Eg: When
female donkey and male horse interbred, a hinny (sterile) is produced.
Q: Describe structure of a multipolar neuron.
A: Neuron is the functional unit of nervous tissue. A multipolar
neuron has a cell body with many dendrites and an axon.
i. Cyton (Cell body, soma or perikaryon) contains nucleus and
cytoplasm. Cytoplasm contains Nissil bodies, neurofibrils, lipofuscin
granules. (A group of cytons in central nervous system is known as
nucleus and in peripheral nervous system as ganglion).
ii. From the periphery of cyton, fine, branched processes are formed
called dendrites. They conduct impulses towards cyton.
iii. From the axon hillock of cyton, a long cylindrical process is
formed, known as axon (nerve fibre). Its plasma membrane is called
axolemma and cytoplasm as axoplasm.
Distally, axon is divided into many branches, known as telodendria
(axon terminals).
Telodendria end with synaptic knobs, which contains synaptic vesicles
that contain neurotransmitters.
Axon transmit impulses away from the cyton. (Group of axons in central
nervous system is called tract and in peripheral nervous system as
nerve).
iv. Interneuronal junction or neuro muscular junction is known as synapse.
v. In myelenated neurons, internode of axon is wrapped by Schwann
cells. Inner part of Schwann cell contains myelin and outer part
contains cytoplasm and nucleus. This outer part is called neurilemma.
vi. In myelenated neuron, the portion of axon that is devoid of myelin
is called node of Ranvier. The part of axon between adjacent nodes is
known as internode.
IPE Exams - Jr Inter Zoology VSA Questions with Answers
Q: Define species richness.
A: Species richness is the number of species per unit area. More
number of species in an area the more is species richness.
Q: What is meant by tautonymy? Give two examples.
A: The practice of naming organisms in which genus name and species
name are the same is called tautonymy.
Eg: Naja naja (Cobra), Axis axis (Spotted deer).
Q: Differentiate between Protostomia and deuterostomia.
A: a. The eumetazoans in which blastopore of the embryo develops into
mouth are described as protostomes and they are placed in the Division
Protostomia.
Eg: Earthworm
b. The eumetazoans in which anus in formed from or near the blastopore
of embryo are described as deuterostomes and they are placed in the
Division Deuterostomia.
Eg: Star fish
Q: Distinguish between tendon and ligament.
A: a. Tendon is a type of dense regular connective tissue that
attaches a skeletal muscle to bone.
b. Ligament is a type of dense regular connective tissue that attach
one bone to another at joints.
Q: What are retroperitoneal organs?
A: Certain organs in Vertebrates are protruded into body cavity and
are covered by parietal peritoneum only on their ventral side. Such
organs are called retroperitoneal organs. Eg: Kidneys.
Q: Define Osteon.
A: A Haversian canal and the surrounding lamellae and lacunae in the
matrix of bone are collectively known as
a Haversian system or Osteon.
Q: What is haematocritic value?
A: The volume percentage of red blood cells in the blood is known as
haematocritic value. Normally it is 45% for men and 40% for women.
Q: What are intercalated discs? What is their significance.
A: The structures, where adjacent cardiac muscles are joined are known
as intercalated discs. They are characteristic of cardiac muscles.
These discs contain adhering junctions.
Q: What is hyperparasite? Mention the name of one hyperparasite.
A: A parasite that lives in or on the body of another parasite is
known as hyperparasite.
Eg: Nosema notabilis (It lives in Sphaerospora which is a parasite in
urinary bladder of toad fish).
Q: What do you mean by parasitic castration? Give an example.
A: Some parasites cause degeneration of gonads of their host. This
phenomenon is called parasitic castration.
Eg: Due to Sacculina (parasite), the ovaries are degenerated in
Caracinus (host).
Q: A person is suffering from bowel irregularity, abdomen pain, blood
and mucus in stools. Based on these symptoms name the disease and
causative organism.
A: a. Amoebiasis.
b. Entamoeba histolytica
Q: Describe the route of extra intestinal migration of larva of Ascaris.
A: Intestine - Hepatic portal vein - Liver -Hepatic veins - Post caval
vein - Heart - Pulmonary arteries - Alveoli of lungs -Bronchi -
Trachea - Larynx - Glottis -Pharynx - Oesophagus - Stomach -
Intestine.
A: Species richness is the number of species per unit area. More
number of species in an area the more is species richness.
Q: What is meant by tautonymy? Give two examples.
A: The practice of naming organisms in which genus name and species
name are the same is called tautonymy.
Eg: Naja naja (Cobra), Axis axis (Spotted deer).
Q: Differentiate between Protostomia and deuterostomia.
A: a. The eumetazoans in which blastopore of the embryo develops into
mouth are described as protostomes and they are placed in the Division
Protostomia.
Eg: Earthworm
b. The eumetazoans in which anus in formed from or near the blastopore
of embryo are described as deuterostomes and they are placed in the
Division Deuterostomia.
Eg: Star fish
Q: Distinguish between tendon and ligament.
A: a. Tendon is a type of dense regular connective tissue that
attaches a skeletal muscle to bone.
b. Ligament is a type of dense regular connective tissue that attach
one bone to another at joints.
Q: What are retroperitoneal organs?
A: Certain organs in Vertebrates are protruded into body cavity and
are covered by parietal peritoneum only on their ventral side. Such
organs are called retroperitoneal organs. Eg: Kidneys.
Q: Define Osteon.
A: A Haversian canal and the surrounding lamellae and lacunae in the
matrix of bone are collectively known as
a Haversian system or Osteon.
Q: What is haematocritic value?
A: The volume percentage of red blood cells in the blood is known as
haematocritic value. Normally it is 45% for men and 40% for women.
Q: What are intercalated discs? What is their significance.
A: The structures, where adjacent cardiac muscles are joined are known
as intercalated discs. They are characteristic of cardiac muscles.
These discs contain adhering junctions.
Q: What is hyperparasite? Mention the name of one hyperparasite.
A: A parasite that lives in or on the body of another parasite is
known as hyperparasite.
Eg: Nosema notabilis (It lives in Sphaerospora which is a parasite in
urinary bladder of toad fish).
Q: What do you mean by parasitic castration? Give an example.
A: Some parasites cause degeneration of gonads of their host. This
phenomenon is called parasitic castration.
Eg: Due to Sacculina (parasite), the ovaries are degenerated in
Caracinus (host).
Q: A person is suffering from bowel irregularity, abdomen pain, blood
and mucus in stools. Based on these symptoms name the disease and
causative organism.
A: a. Amoebiasis.
b. Entamoeba histolytica
Q: Describe the route of extra intestinal migration of larva of Ascaris.
A: Intestine - Hepatic portal vein - Liver -Hepatic veins - Post caval
vein - Heart - Pulmonary arteries - Alveoli of lungs -Bronchi -
Trachea - Larynx - Glottis -Pharynx - Oesophagus - Stomach -
Intestine.
10th Class Bit Bank - Social Studies Multiple Choice Questions from New Syllabus
There are multiple choice questions in 10th Class / SSC Social Studies
question papers released by the governments of AP and Telangana
states. Following are multiple choice objective type questions with
answers for 10th / SSC students of AP and Telangana.
1.Indian Standard Meridian passes through this city
1) Delhi 2) Hyderabad 3) Lucknow 4) Allahabad
2.Glaciers are found in this range of mountains
1) Shivaliks 2) Lesser Himalayas 3) Greater Himalayas 4) Aravali
3.The Purvanchal divisions of the Himalayas are mostly composed of
1) Sedimentary sand stones 2) alluvium 3) gravel only 4) all the three
4.Indian Plateau is called the peninsular plateau as it is surrounded
by this on the three sides
1) Mountains 2) sea water 3) rivers 4) landmass
5.Luni is the only river in this area
1) Thar desert 2) central Plain 3) coastal plains 4) Greater Himalayas
6.The difference between the Greenwich Mean Time and the Indian Standard Time is
1) 5 Hrs and 30Minutes 2) 5 Hours 3) 6 Hours and 30Minutes 4) 6 Hours
7.Hill stations like Simla and Nainital are located in
1) Greater Himalayas 2) Lesser Himalayas 3) Shivaliks 4) Nilgiris
8.The southernmost tip of the Peninsular Plateau is
1) Indira Point 2) Kanyakumari 3) Tamilnadu 4) Rameshwaram
9.Black soils in the Peninsular Plateau are formed due to
1) Earthquakes 2) Volcanic activity 3) floods 4) rivers
10.The famous hill station Udagamandalam is popularly known as
1) Chennai 2) Mahabalipuram 3) Ooty 4) Mysore
Answers:
1-4; 2-3; 3-1; 4-2; 5-1; 6-1; 7-2; 8-2; 9-2; 10-3
question papers released by the governments of AP and Telangana
states. Following are multiple choice objective type questions with
answers for 10th / SSC students of AP and Telangana.
1.Indian Standard Meridian passes through this city
1) Delhi 2) Hyderabad 3) Lucknow 4) Allahabad
2.Glaciers are found in this range of mountains
1) Shivaliks 2) Lesser Himalayas 3) Greater Himalayas 4) Aravali
3.The Purvanchal divisions of the Himalayas are mostly composed of
1) Sedimentary sand stones 2) alluvium 3) gravel only 4) all the three
4.Indian Plateau is called the peninsular plateau as it is surrounded
by this on the three sides
1) Mountains 2) sea water 3) rivers 4) landmass
5.Luni is the only river in this area
1) Thar desert 2) central Plain 3) coastal plains 4) Greater Himalayas
6.The difference between the Greenwich Mean Time and the Indian Standard Time is
1) 5 Hrs and 30Minutes 2) 5 Hours 3) 6 Hours and 30Minutes 4) 6 Hours
7.Hill stations like Simla and Nainital are located in
1) Greater Himalayas 2) Lesser Himalayas 3) Shivaliks 4) Nilgiris
8.The southernmost tip of the Peninsular Plateau is
1) Indira Point 2) Kanyakumari 3) Tamilnadu 4) Rameshwaram
9.Black soils in the Peninsular Plateau are formed due to
1) Earthquakes 2) Volcanic activity 3) floods 4) rivers
10.The famous hill station Udagamandalam is popularly known as
1) Chennai 2) Mahabalipuram 3) Ooty 4) Mysore
Answers:
1-4; 2-3; 3-1; 4-2; 5-1; 6-1; 7-2; 8-2; 9-2; 10-3
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