10th Class English Grammar - Direct and Indirect Speech Exercises

Change the following into Indirect Speech:

1. My neighbour said, ''Alas! My grandfather is dead".

2. She said, ''May the old man recover soon!"

3. The tourist said, ''How beautiful the park is!"

4. Harshini said to her teacher, 'Good morning sir!"

5. The audience said to the girl, ''Hats off! You have danced well.

Answers:

1) My neighbour exclaimed sorrowfully that his grandfather was dead.

2) She prayed that the old man might recover soon.

3) The tourist exclaimed that the park was very beautiful.

4) Harshini wished her teacher good morning.

5) The audience applauded the girl saying that she had danced well.

Questions for Practice:

1. The referee said to the players, "Don't cross the line".

2. The constable said to the motorist, "Show me your driving license."

3. "Would you have a cup of coffee, please?"

4. The boy said to the teacher, "May I come in, sir?"

5. "Form queue immediately", said the commander to his men.

6. The dentist said to the woman, "Brush your teeth twice a day".

7. The beggar asked the devotees, "Give me something to eat, please!"

8. "Close the door, please," said the girl.

SSC English Grammar for AP and Telangana Board Exams

Following is the study materials for 10th Class / SSC English grammar for the board exams of AP and Telangana students as per new syllabus and exam pattern. The grammar topic is reported speech / direct and indirect speech.

A) 'Yes' or 'No' Questions:

When we talk, we also report 'yes' or 'no' questions and information questions as well.

We shall now discuss how to report information questions. When a 'yes' or 'no' question is reported the indirect or reported clause is introduced either by the word 'if' or 'whether'.

Eg: i) Husband to wife, ''Are you ready?" (Direct)

= The husband asked his wife if she was ready. (Indirect)

ii) Uday said to his father, "Have you paid the fees?" (Direct)

= Uday asked his father whether he had paid the fees (Indirect).

We see in the above sentences that the (auxiliary) verb which is placed before the subject in direct speech is put after the subject in indirect speech. When a question is reported, the indirect clause begins with 'if' or 'whether' and if there is any auxiliary verb, it is placed after the subject.

The reporting verbs used in questions other than ask are enquire, wonder, want to know.

Eg: i) Pothanna said to Vineeth, "Can you swim?" (Direct)

= Pothanna wanted to know if Vineeth could swim. (Indirect)

ii) Akhila said to Bhavani, "Is Mr. Narender on leave?". (Direct)

= Akhila enquired Bhavani whether Mr. Narender was on leave. (Indirect)

iii) My friend said, ''Shall we ever forget the comedian MS Narayana?" (Direct)

= My friend wondered whether we would ever forget the comedian MS Narayana. (Indirect)

B) Reporting Information Questions:

When an information (or Wh-) question is reported, the indirect clause begins with a whword.

No conjunction is used.

In the direct speech the verb is placed before the subject.

In the indirect speech the verb is placed after the subject.

In the direct speech a question mark is placed at the end of the sentence.

In the indirect speech a full stop is placed at the end.

Eg: i) The teacher said to Shabariram, ''What are you doing"

= The teacher asked Shabariram what he was doing.

ii) The doctor said to the patient, ''When did you come here?"

= The doctor wanted to know when the patient had come there. (OR)

The doctor asked the patient when he/ she had come there.

Note that when 'do' and 'does' are used as auxiliary verbs in direct speech, they are omitted in indirect speech.

Eg: i) A to B: ''Where does the teacher live?"

= A asked B where the teacher lived.

ii) Doctor to patient, ''Do you eat meat?"

= The doctor asked the patient if/ whether (s)he ate meat.

IPE Exams Junior Inter Botany Model Paper as per New Syllabus

The IPE exams in Andhra Pradesh and Telangana state are approaching fast. Here we are giving Junior Intermediate Botany Model question paper for IPE exams prepared as per the new syllabus. Duration is 3 hours and maximum marks are 60.

SECTION - A

I. i) Very short answer type questions.

ii) Answer ALL the questions.

iii) Each question carries TWO marks. 10 × 2 = 20

1. What does ICBN stand for?

2. Give the main criteria used for classification by Whittaker?

3. Who is popularly known as father of Botany? What was the book written by him?

4. How is a pinnately compound leaf is different from palmately compound leaf? Explain with one example each.

5. What is the type of fruit found in Mango? How does it differ from the fruit of Coconut?

6. Give the technical description of anthers of Allium cepa.

7. What is middle lamella made of? What is its functional significance?

8. What are primary and secondary metabolites? Give examples.

9. At what stage of cell cycle does DNA synthesis occur?

10. Hydrophytes show reduced xylem. Why?

SECTION - B

II. i) Short answer type questions.

ii) Answer any SIX questions.

iii) Each question carries FOUR marks. 6 × 4 = 24

11. Give a brief account of Dinoflagellates?

12. Differentiate between liverworts and Mosses.

13. List the changes observed in an angiosperm flower subsequent to pollination and fertilisation.

14. Describe the essential organs of Solanaceae.

15. Describe the structure of nucleus.

16. Explain Prophase I of Meiosis.

17. Point out the differences in the anatomy of leaf of peepal (Ficus religiosa) and maize (Zea mays). Draw the diagrams and label the differences.

18. Define plant succession. Differentiate primary and secondary successions.

SECTION - C

III. i) Long answer type questions.

ii) Answer any TWO questions.

iii) Each question carries EIGHT marks. 2 × 8 = 16

19. Define Root. Mention the types of root systems. Explain how root is modified to perform different functions.

20. Draw the diagram of a microsporangium and label its wall layers. Write briefly about the wall layers.

21. Describe the internal structure of Monocot stem.