Internal organisation of Plants: It deals with Tissues and Anatomy.
Read the chapter in 4 parts.
1. Types of Tissues: Characters and types of Meristematic tissues,
Functions of different types of meristems. Types of permanent tissues.
Types of simple tissues. Differences between Parenchyma, Collenchyma &
Sclerenchyma, Cell wall organisation.
Examples for different types of sclereids can be asked as Matching/
MCQ in Eamcet.
Complex tissues - Xylem and Phloem - their components and differences
and examples are necessary. Definitions about each exarch, endarch,
mesarch, radial, collateral, open, closed vascular bundles, Ray
Parenchyma, Axial
parenchyma. Prepare a short notes on tissue systems. Ask your teacher
how these tissue systems are formed.
2. Anatomy: Prepare completely labelled diagram for Root, Stem,
Leaf of dicots & monocots. Make a comparative account for root and stem for
characters - epidermis to Medulla. It gives glimpse of overall
characters. Differences between root, stem, leaf of dicots & monocots
essential. Give stress on number of layers, vascular bundles and types
of cell. Numerical problems
can be asked.
Scope: 1 LAQ, 2 Q's in Eamcet.
Plant Ecology:
It is an easy and simple chapter. It is a scoring chapter in IPE &
Eamcet. More marks with less efforts.
Learn the definitions of Ecology, Population, Community, Ecosystem,
Biomes (examples also) and Adaptation. Prepare notes on Morphological
and Anatomical characters, various types of Hydrophytes and Xerophytes
with examples. Figures are more important. Types of successions and
their differences. Take a look of figures 13.6.
Arrange them in a sequence type of question can be asked from it. Make
a notes on types of ecological services & Examples.
Scope: 1 VSAQ, 1 SAQ, 2 Q's in Eamcet.
Inter First Year Botany - Cell Cycle and Cell Division Study Plan
Cell Cycle and Cell Division: Start it with Rudolf Virchow's
contribution. Make a definition for cell cycle. Prepare the difference
between Amitosis & Mitosis, Mitosis
and Meiosis.
Mitosis: Take all the examples from previous lesson where it occurs.
How many mitotic divisions occur in pollengrains, Megaspore. How many
types of Mitotic divisions are there? What is the difference between
Arithmetic and Geometric divisions? What is meant by generation/
cycle. Problems may be asked on them.
Prepare a list of changes that take place in different stages. Know
what is meant by 2C & 4C DNA.
Meioses: Types of Meiosis - information about it must be known (Zygotic meiosis,
sporic meiosis, gametic meiosis). Prepare a list of changes for
different stages. Find where chromosome divides, centromere divides,
chromosomes separate, genomes separate, chromatids separate,
condensation/ compaction of chromosomes occur.
What is the significance of Mitosis & Meiosis. Numerical problems may
be asked based on the chromosome numbers given in Table 11.1.
contribution. Make a definition for cell cycle. Prepare the difference
between Amitosis & Mitosis, Mitosis
and Meiosis.
Mitosis: Take all the examples from previous lesson where it occurs.
How many mitotic divisions occur in pollengrains, Megaspore. How many
types of Mitotic divisions are there? What is the difference between
Arithmetic and Geometric divisions? What is meant by generation/
cycle. Problems may be asked on them.
Prepare a list of changes that take place in different stages. Know
what is meant by 2C & 4C DNA.
Meioses: Types of Meiosis - information about it must be known (Zygotic meiosis,
sporic meiosis, gametic meiosis). Prepare a list of changes for
different stages. Find where chromosome divides, centromere divides,
chromosomes separate, genomes separate, chromatids separate,
condensation/ compaction of chromosomes occur.
What is the significance of Mitosis & Meiosis. Numerical problems may
be asked based on the chromosome numbers given in Table 11.1.
Intermediate Botany Preparation Plan - Biomolecules Chapter for AP and TS students
Biomolecules: It is a chapter that deals with more biochemistry,
organic chemistry than Botany. Make the chapter into 7 parts.
1. Chemical analysis: Experiment with Trichloro acetic acid,
destructive experiment. Read the lists 10.1 and 10.2. Prepare
ascending and descending order for various elements. Note that there
is name mentioned, CNR Rao. Ask your teacher about him.
2. Amino Acids: Prepare list of Amino acids you know from the text
book and their abbreviations also (Ex: gly = glycine, Ala = Alamine)
Follow the structures given in Fig 10.1.
Learn the basic structure of Amino acid. It is useful to know
Zwitterionic form and nature. Know about 'R' Group.
3. Lipids: First learn the reason why it is kept in the list of
macromolecules. But what it is actually. Fatty acids, Glycerol and
Glycerides should be known with examples and structures given in fig.
10.1
Numerical problems regarding the no. of carbons can be asked in fatty acids.
4. Proteins: Know hierarchy of structures like Primary, Secondary,
Tertiary & Quaternary structure & their significance must be learnt. A
table is given 10.5. It can be asked in matching type question.
5. Polysaccharide: More the examples we know, more easy to identify
and differentiate. Try to learn what is meant by Mono, di, tri and
Polysaccharides. Know what is Triose, Tetrose, Pentose, Hexose,
Heptose. The information we know here will be useful in Photosynthesis
& Respiration (Second Year). Know the reason-why cellulose do not
turns blue with Iodine, why chitin is more resistant.
6. Nucleic Acids: It is very brief in text book. It is not sufficient
for the student to make notes on his own. Take the help of teacher.
Get a detailed account of DNA atleast (if not RNA).
Try to know what is 1) Loop 2) Steps 3) Nucleoside and types 4)
Nucleotide and types 5) Back bone 6) Complementarity 7) Antiparallel
8) Charge and Chemical nature of DNA 9) Angle of the loop & step 10)
Purines 11) Pyrimidines and also know how hydrogen bonds, glycosidic,
ester and phosphodiester bonds are formed. What is the principle for
knowing ester/ diester bonds?
Numerical problems regarding length of DNA fragment, % of nitrogen
bases, hydrogen bonds etc can be asked. Make use of fig 10.1 also.
7. Primary and secondary Metabolites: After knowing the difference
between them read the table 10.3. A matching question or MCQ can be
asked from it.
8. Metabolic basis for living: Know what is metabolism? Metabolic
Pathway? Examples for physical and chemical/ metabolic reaction,
Anabolism and catabolism. Know what is meant by Metabolic flux,
equilibrium and non equilibrium state.
Scope: 1 VSAQ, 1 SAQ; 2 Questions in Eamcet.
organic chemistry than Botany. Make the chapter into 7 parts.
1. Chemical analysis: Experiment with Trichloro acetic acid,
destructive experiment. Read the lists 10.1 and 10.2. Prepare
ascending and descending order for various elements. Note that there
is name mentioned, CNR Rao. Ask your teacher about him.
2. Amino Acids: Prepare list of Amino acids you know from the text
book and their abbreviations also (Ex: gly = glycine, Ala = Alamine)
Follow the structures given in Fig 10.1.
Learn the basic structure of Amino acid. It is useful to know
Zwitterionic form and nature. Know about 'R' Group.
3. Lipids: First learn the reason why it is kept in the list of
macromolecules. But what it is actually. Fatty acids, Glycerol and
Glycerides should be known with examples and structures given in fig.
10.1
Numerical problems regarding the no. of carbons can be asked in fatty acids.
4. Proteins: Know hierarchy of structures like Primary, Secondary,
Tertiary & Quaternary structure & their significance must be learnt. A
table is given 10.5. It can be asked in matching type question.
5. Polysaccharide: More the examples we know, more easy to identify
and differentiate. Try to learn what is meant by Mono, di, tri and
Polysaccharides. Know what is Triose, Tetrose, Pentose, Hexose,
Heptose. The information we know here will be useful in Photosynthesis
& Respiration (Second Year). Know the reason-why cellulose do not
turns blue with Iodine, why chitin is more resistant.
6. Nucleic Acids: It is very brief in text book. It is not sufficient
for the student to make notes on his own. Take the help of teacher.
Get a detailed account of DNA atleast (if not RNA).
Try to know what is 1) Loop 2) Steps 3) Nucleoside and types 4)
Nucleotide and types 5) Back bone 6) Complementarity 7) Antiparallel
8) Charge and Chemical nature of DNA 9) Angle of the loop & step 10)
Purines 11) Pyrimidines and also know how hydrogen bonds, glycosidic,
ester and phosphodiester bonds are formed. What is the principle for
knowing ester/ diester bonds?
Numerical problems regarding length of DNA fragment, % of nitrogen
bases, hydrogen bonds etc can be asked. Make use of fig 10.1 also.
7. Primary and secondary Metabolites: After knowing the difference
between them read the table 10.3. A matching question or MCQ can be
asked from it.
8. Metabolic basis for living: Know what is metabolism? Metabolic
Pathway? Examples for physical and chemical/ metabolic reaction,
Anabolism and catabolism. Know what is meant by Metabolic flux,
equilibrium and non equilibrium state.
Scope: 1 VSAQ, 1 SAQ; 2 Questions in Eamcet.
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