1) Atomic orbital: The region in space where there is finite probability of finding electron is called atomic orbital.
2) Atomic radius: Atomic radius is defined as the distance between the nucleus and outermost orbitals of an atom.
3) Ionisation energy: Ionisation energy or Ionisation potential is defined as the minimum energy required to remove an electron from outermost orbital of an atom in gaseous state.
4) Electron affinity: Electron affinity is the energy released when an electron is added to a neutral gaseous atom in the ground state.
5) Ionic bond: The chemical bond formed by transfer of electrons from one atom to another atom is called Ionic bond (also called electrovalent bond).
6) Covalent Bond: The bond formed by the share of electrons between two atoms is
called covalent bond.
7) Coordinate covalent bond: The bond in which one of the two combining atoms contributes the electrons and those are shared by both the atoms is called 'coordinate covalent bond'.
8) Oxidation: Addition of oxygen to a given compound or removal of hydrogen from the
compound is called oxidation.
9) Reduction: Addition of hydrogen to a given compound or removal of oxygen from the
compound is called reduction.
10) Electronegativity: The ability of a bonded atom in a molecule to attract the bonded pair of electrons towards itself is called electronegativity or non-metallic character.
11) Electro positive character: The ability of an atom to loose one or more electrons to become a positive ion is called electropositive character or metallic character.
12) Solution: A homogenous mixture of two or more substances is called a solution.
13) Solute: The substance which is present in small scale in a solution is called solute.
14) Solvent: The substance which is present in large scale in a solution is called solvent.
15) Weight percentage: The weight of the solute present in 100 grams of solution is called weight percentage.
16) Volume percentage: The volume of solute (in ml) present in 100 ml. of solution is called 'volume percentage'.
17) Solubility of a solute: The amount of solute present in 100 grams of solvent at constant temperature is called the 'Solubility of a Solute'.
18) Absorption Coefficient: Absorption Coefficient is defined as the volume of the
gas reduced to NTP dissolved by unit volume of a solvent at the temperature of the
experiment under the pressure of 1 atms. of the gas.
19) Molarity: Molarity is defined as the number of moles (or gram moles) of
a solute present in 1 litre of solution.
20) Mole Fraction: Mole fraction is defined as the ratio of number of moles of constituent to the total number of moles of all constituents present in the
solution.
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